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Other problems include class, gender, inter-district, and urban-rural disparities. Now the Chola Empire stretched as far as Bengal and Sri Lanka. Tamil Nadu has four international airports, namely Chennai International Airport, Coimbatore International Airport, Tiruchirapalli International Airport and Madurai International Airport. [170] Kamuthi Solar Power Project was commissioned by Adani Power in Kamuthi, Ramanathapuram district. This text is still treated with great reverence by those in the present-day. The famine led to the migration of many Tamil peasants as bonded labourers for the British to countries like Malaysia and Mauritius, which eventually formed the present Tamil diaspora. The people assemble and light a bonfire in order to burn the heaps of discards. [57] She was drawn to war after her husband Muthu Vaduganatha Thevar (1750–1772), King of Sivaganga was murdered at Kalayar Kovil temple by British. The Vellore mutiny on 10 July 1806 was the first instance of a large-scale mutiny by Indian sepoys against the British East India Company, predating the Indian Rebellion of 1857 by half a century. Join our mailing lists. [141], Electronics manufacturing is a growing industry in Tamil Nadu, with many international companies like Nokia, Flex, Motorola, Sony-Ericsson, Foxconn, Samsung, Cisco, Moser Baer, Lenovo, Dell, Sanmina-SCI, Bosch, Texas Instruments having chosen Chennai as their South Asian manufacturing hub. In 1972, M. G. Ramachandran founded the new Dravidian party All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) named after his political mentor C. N. Annadurai popularly called "Anna". The Sports Development Authority of Tamil Nadu (SDAT) owns Nungambakkam tennis stadium which hosts Chennai Open and Davis Cup play-off tournaments. Much later, the Pallavas were replaced by the Chola dynasty as the dominant kingdom in the 9th century and they in turn were replaced by the Pandyan Dynasty in the 13th century. The reason for the victory of the Justice Party in elections was the non-participation of the INC, demanding complete independence of India. [191] The Tamil language saying Thai Pirandhal Vazhi Pirakkum – literally meaning, the birth of the month of Thai will pave way for new opportunities – is often quoted with reference to this festival. It is the official language of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the union territory of Puducherry. Contact. The Indian Triathlon Federation and the Volleyball Federation of India are headquartered in Chennai. [75] The Chief Justice of the Madras High Court is the head of the judiciary. Crore) and Growth (% YoY)", "Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly history", "HDI and GDI Estimates for India and the States/UTs: Results and Analysis", "Human Development Index of India & Major States, 1981 – 2001", "Press Information Bureau English Releases", "Biodiversity, Tamil Nadu Dept. Jallikattu, a bull-taming contest, marks the main event of this day. Vettuvan Koil, the unfinished temple is believed to have been built during the 8th century by Pandyas in Kalugumalai, a panchayat town in Thoothukudi district. His work highlighted Tamil folk lyricism and introduced broader Western musical sensibilities to the south Indian musical mainstream. The group became an advocate for a separate Dravida Nadu (lit. [60] They formed a coalition with Dheeran Chinnamalai and Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja which fought the British in Second Polygar Wars. Velir were mostly hill chieftains, while Kilar were the headmen of settlements...' —, 'Everywhere within Beloved-of-the-Gods, King Piyadasi's domain, and among the people beyond the borders, the Cholas, the Pandyas, the. You step outside your house, and … Its capital and largest city is Chennai. In the recent past, the Tamil area was also the home of the Dravidian movement that calls for the desanskritization and debrahmanization of Tamil culture, language, and literature. December 13, 2011 – During a regular council meeting at Markham Civic Centre, Markham Town Council proclaimed January 13, 14 and 15 as ‘Tamil Heritage Days’, effectively becoming the first Municipality in Canada to recognize Tamil Heritage Days. The granite gopuram (tower) of Brihadisvara Temple, 1010 CE, Airavatesvara Temple built by Rajaraja Chola II in the 12th century CE, The pyramidal structure above the sanctum at Brihadisvara Temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Brihadisvara Temple Entrance Gopurams at Thanjavur. [54] The office of mayoralty of Madras was established in 1688. Contrary to the impression of many, Christianity hasn’t come into Tamil heritage with the advent of the Portuguese. Airtel Broadband,[161] Act Broadband[162] BSNL, Hathway[163] and few others are providing high speed Fiber Optic broadband connection in many cities and rural areas across Tamil Nadu. An adopted pet will provide unconditional love and companionship to all. [171] With a generating capacity of 648 MWp at a single location, it is the world's sixth largest (as of 2018) solar park. It is also an official language in Sri Lanka and Singapore and has additional speakers in … The volume of cargo in the ports grew by 13 per cent during 2005. Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve, Mukurthi National Park and Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve are the tiger reserves in the state. One of the basic limitations for improvement in education in the state is the rate of absence of teachers in public schools, which at 21.4 per cent is significant. [80] The Tamil Nadu Police Force is over 140 years old. P. V. Nandhidhaa - Chess Woman Grandmaster, Mariyappan Thangavelu (left most) - High jump, Joshna Chinappa and Dipika Pallikal - Squash. [167] The total installed capacity of electricity in the state by January 2014 was 20,716 MW. A large part of the government records like land ownership records are digitised and all major offices of the state government like Urban Local Bodies – all the corporations and municipal office activities – revenue collection, land registration offices, and transport offices have been computerised. [179] The earliest period of Tamil literature, Sangam literature, is roughly dated from ca. In 1762, a tripartite treaty was signed between Thanjavur Maratha, Carnatic, and the British by which Thanjavur became a vassal of the Nawab of the Carnatic which eventually ceded to the British. Tamil Nadu has a wide range of biomes extending east from the South Western Ghats montane rain forests in the Western Ghats through the South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests and Deccan thorn scrub forests to tropical dry broadleaf forests and then to the beaches, estuaries, salt marshes, mangroves, seagrasses and coral reefs of the Bay of Bengal. Tamil Heritage Foundation International (THFi) is a global initiative to preserve and understand Tamil heritage in Digital Media. Tamil Nadu is also the home of the double Oscar winner A. R. Rahman[199][200][201] who has composed film music in Tamil, Telugu, Hindi, English and Chinese films. From the current 17MW installed solar power, Tamil Nadu state government's new policy aims to increase the installed capacity to 3000MW by 2016. Vast numbers of bryophytes, lichen, fungi, algae, and bacteria are among the wild plant diversity of Tamil Nadu. In the City of Warden, we are defined less by boundaries on a map than by the sense of shared values our residents hold dear. Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof. [14] In Attirampakkam near Chennai, archaeologists from the Sharma Centre for Heritage Education excavated ancient stone tools which suggest that a humanlike population existed in the Tamil Nadu region somewhere around 1,000 years before homo sapiens arrived from Africa. Historians have speculated these rulers were antagonistic towards the astika schools which were dominant in later centuries, which is why later texts always portray their rule in a bad light, if at all. [213] From the early 2010s, Direct to Home has become increasingly popular replacing cable television services. Of these, the last two are mostly applied in poetry. [203] Tamil cinema is one of the largest industries of film production in India. When the sultanate was incorporated into the Mughal Empire in 1688, the northern part of current-day Tamil Nadu was administrated by the Nawab of the Carnatic, who had his seat in Arcot from 1715 onward. ", "Keezhadi excavation leads to ancient civilisation on the banks of Vaigai", "Excavation begins at Alagankulam archaeological site", The Medieval Spice Trade and the Diffusion of the Chile, "Cauvery River – Britannica Online Encyclopedia", "Tamil Cultural Association – Tamil Language", "History | Pudukkottai District, Government of Tamilnadu | India", "July 10, 1806 – The Vellore Mutiny Breaks out Against the British", "July, 1806 Vellore – S. Anand – Jul 17,2006", "Political situation in Pondicherry (1910–1915)", "Tamils' contribution to INA campaigns recalled", "Vidyasagar Rao assumes office as acting Governor of Tamil Nadu", "Tamil Nadu Governor appoints Edappadi K Palaniswami as chief minister", "Governor administers oath of office to Chief Justice Sanjib Banerjee", "Members of Parliament from Tamil Nadu State | Tamil Nadu Government Portal", "Women police personnel face bias, says report", "List of Municipalities in Tamil Nadu Gradewise", "India Stats: Million plus cities in India as per Census 2011", "Chennai is the most densely populated city in Tamil Nadu, according to census 2011", "Glaring regional disparities in human development index", "Top three States – a socio-economic comparison", "Multidimensional Poverty Index of Tamil Nadu", "Population by religion community – 2011", "Population By Religious Community – Tamil Nadu", "Front Page: Tamil to be a classical language", "Tamil Nadu India's most literate state: HRD ministry", "Education is the means of social mobility", "Tamil Nadu ranks third in FDI, favoured destination", "Contrary to Modi's projections, Gujarat's growth story is riddled with contradictions – The Economic Times", "Tamil Nadu the most urbanised State: Minister", MS Swaminathan Research Foundatation 2010, "India's Gems and Jewellery Market is Glittering", "Tamil Nadu Poultry Industry Seeks Export Concessions", Challenges to textile and apparel industry in Tamil Nadu 2000, "Nick Names of India Places Manchester of India Ahmedabad Cochin Queen of Arabian Sea – General Knowledge in India", "The Indian Express – Google News Archive Search", "Leather exports from India: Going strong! Tamil Nadu has a well-developed rail network as part of Southern Railway. Failure of the summer monsoons and administrative shortcomings of the Ryotwari system resulted in two severe famines in the Madras Presidency, the Great Famine of 1876–78 and the Indian famine of 1896–97. [144] Coimbatore is the second largest software producer in the state, next to Chennai. This party implemented reservations in government jobs and education for non-Brahmins in 1926, and stayed in power for 13 years. We also conduct programs like How to See a Temple, How to See a Museum and Mallai Study Tour. He defeated Mahipala, the king of Bengal, and to commemorate his victory he built a new capital and named it Gangaikonda Cholapuram. Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in Coimbatore is a multi-purpose stadium in Coimbatore constructed in 1971 which is used to host I-League football matches. Modern-day Tamil Nadu was formed in 1956 after the reorganisation of states on linguistic lines. There are 32 districts present in Tamil Nadu. This was due to the fact that electric carbons were used for motion picture projectors. [139][citation needed], The state government owns Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers, in Karur. The Tuticorin Thermal Power Station has five 210 megawatt generators. It had come long before, almost at the time of the birth of Christianity in West Asia. Ennore Port handles all the coal and ore traffic in Tamil Nadu. November is National American Indian Heritage Month, a time to recognize the enormous contributions of America's first peoples.. As early as 1916, efforts began to honor Native Americans when the Governor of New York declared "American Indian Day." The motto of the State is ‘Truth alone Triumph’. Tamil Nadu is divided in to four major divisions as per the ancient Tamil kings namely Pallava Nadu division, Chera Nadu division, Chola Nadu division and Pandya Nadu division and the four divisions are further subdivided into 38 districts, which are listed below. [124] Tamil Nadu Agricultural University with its seven colleges and thirty-two research stations spread over the entire state contributes to evolving new crop varieties and technologies and disseminating through various extension agencies. The Nilgiri Mountain Railway, Brihadishwara Temple in Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram and the Airavatesvara Temple in Darasuram (Great Chola Temples) and the Shore Temple along with the collection of other monuments in Mamallapuram which have been declared as UNESCO World Heritage Sites.[233][234]. [137] Major global automobile companies including BMW, Ford, Robert Bosch, Renault-Nissan, Caterpillar, Hyundai, Mitsubishi Motors, and Michelin as well as Indian automobile majors like Mahindra & Mahindra, Ashok Leyland, Eicher Motors, Isuzu Motors, TI cycles, Hindustan Motors, TVS Motors, Irizar-TVS, Royal Enfield, MRF, Apollo Tyres, TAFE Tractors, Daimler AG Company invested ₹4 billion for establishing a new plant in Tamil Nadu. [155], In Tamil Nadu, the Government of India is to set up a new Rocket launch pad near Kulasekharapatnam in Thoothukudi district for which the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has begun work. Nirupama Vaidyanathan, the first Indian women to play in a grand slam tournament also hails from the state. In 1916 Dr. T.M. The majority are of Tamil speaking heritage along with people that speak Hindi or Bhojpuri, ... Washington D.C., Detroit, Boston, Philadelphia, Atlanta, Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Los Angeles, and San Francisco – almost every metropolitan area in the US has a community of Indians. [92][93], At the 2011 India census, Tamil Nadu had a population of 72,147,030. [123], Dr. M.S. Small town values, guided growth, preservation of historical, cultural, and natural heritage are just a few of the core principles that makes City of Warden a wonderful place to call home. [160] BSNL provides 2G and 3G mobile internet connections and all other three operators provide 2G, 3G and 4G mobile broadband connections across Tamil Nadu. Rajendra Chola's navy went even further, occupying coasts from Burma (now) to Vietnam, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Sumatra, Java, Malaya, Philippines[50] in South East Asia and Pegu islands. After the fall of Kingdom of Mysore, the British Colonial rule during the modern period led to the emergence of Chennai, then known as Madras, as a metropolitan city. The eastern parts are fertile coastal plains and the northern parts are a mix of hills and plains. Tamil Nadu's sugarcane yield per hectare is the highest in India. Here are 7 festivals of Tamil Nadu you can plan your visits around! [211][212] Cable used to be the preferred mode of reaching homes controlled by government run operator Arasu Cable. C. N. Annadurai left the party Dravida Kazhagam to form the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). Dear sir /madam, In USA the covid-19 test report will be given minimum 48 hours and maximum 96 hrs. Sastri, "Noting that the Tamils formed a large chunk of the strength of the INA, Prof. Pfaff, said it was always a moving experience to interact with the INA members from Tamil Nadu.". This is the most important Harvest festival celebrated by the people of Tamil Nadu. Most early Tamil literary works are in verse form, with prose not becoming more common until later periods. Muhammad Ali Khan Wallajah surrendered much of his territory to the East India Company which firmly established the British in the northern parts. The club is also a popular venue for major golf tournaments held in India. [138], Tamil Nadu is one of the highly industrialised states in India. [111] The Midday Meal Scheme programme in Tamil Nadu was first initiated by Kamaraj, then it was expanded by M G Ramachandran in 1983. Subramaniyam Swami, Is the Dravidian movement dying?, Frontline, Vol.20, Iss. [209] The first private Tamil channel, Sun TV Network was founded in 1993. Ventar were the chieftains of the three major lineages, viz Cera, Cola and Pandya. In these poems, a glimpse of Tamil society at the time can be glimpsed. Indian Angiosperm diversity comprises 17,672 species with Tamil Nadu leading all states in the country, with 5640 species accounting for 1/3 of the total flora of India. The second day, Surya Pongal is the main day which falls on the first day of the tenth Tamil month of Thai (14 January or 15 January in the western calendar). A total of 14,438,445 people constituting 20.01 per cent of the total population belonged to Scheduled Castes (SC) and 794,697 people constituting 1.10 per cent of the population belonged to Scheduled tribes (ST). The present government is headed by Edappadi K. Palaniswami, after the demise of former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, J. Jayalalithaa of the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. Oomaithurai, younger brother of Kattabomman, took asylum under the Maruthu brothers, Periya Marudhu and Chinna Marudhu and raised an army. In Tamil Nadu, the television industry is influenced by politics and majority of the channels are owned by politicians or people with political links. Tamil Nadu is the tenth largest Indian state by area and the sixth largest by population. [6] When India adopted national standards Tamil was the first language to be recognised as a classical language of India. In 1938, Periyar along with C. N. Annadurai launched an agitation against the Congress ministry's decision to introduce the teaching of Hindi in schools. [41] Around the 7th century CE, the Kalabhras were overthrown by the Pandyas and Cholas,[42] who continued to patronize Buddhists and Jains before the Saiva and Vaishnava revivalism in the Bhakti movement. [194] of Tamil speakers are located in New Jersey and the Washington D.C. metropolitan area. Looking for a furry friend to become a part of your family? Districts are further divided into 226 Taluks administrated by Tahsildars comprising 1127 Revenue blocks administrated by Revenue Inspector (RI). THFi is mostly virtual with ground activity in Germany, India, UK and Malaysia. The urban bodies include 15 city corporations, 152 municipalities and 529 town panchayats. Single screen theatres may charge a maximum of ₹50, while theatres with more than three screens may charge a maximum of ₹120 per ticket. The state is home to a number of historic buildings, multi-religious pilgrimage sites, hill stations and three World Heritage sites.[10][11][12]. Sometimes additional ingredients are added to the sweet dish, such as: cardamom, raisins, Green gram (split), and cashew nuts.Other ingredients include coconut and ghee (clarified butter from cow milk). The categories are: Pathinenmaelkanakku (The Major Eighteen Anthology Series) comprising Eṭṭuttokai (The Eight Anthologies) and the Pattupattu (Ten Idylls) and Pathinenkilkanakku (The Minor Eighteen Anthology Series). Their gods included figures such as Seyyon and Kotravai, who were worshipped at different places. Narasimhavarman II built the Shore Temple which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The state also accounts for 50 per cent of leather exports[135][136] from India, valued at around US$3.3 billion of the total US$6.5 billion from India. She is the Vice President of the United States, having been inaugurated on January 20, 2021. [190] During the Indian Independence Movement, many Tamil poets and writers sought to provoke national spirit, social equity and secularist thoughts among the common man, notably Subramanya Bharathy and Bharathidasan. [20] The ASI archaeologists have proposed that the script used at that site, Tamil Brahmi, is "very rudimentary" and date it somewhere between the 5th century BCE and 3rd century BCE. City of Warden Launches a Brand New Website! The economy of Tamil Nadu is the second-largest state economy in India with ₹20.54 trillion (US$290 billion) in gross domestic product with a per capita GDP of ₹243,189 (US$3,400). Periyar campaigned for an end to what he saw as Aryan domination of culture and life in Tamil Nadu. [3] It ranks 11th among all Indian states in human development index. Software exports from Tamil Nadu grew from ₹76 billion ($1.6 billion) in 2003–04 to ₹207 billion {$5 billion} by 2006–07 according to NASSCOM[143] and to ₹366 billion in 2008–09 which shows 29 per cent growth in software exports according to STPI. In 1578, the Portuguese published a Tamil book in old Tamil script named 'Thambiraan Vanakkam', thus making Tamil the first Indian language to be printed and published. [63][64] The British crown took over the control governance from the company and the remainder of the 19th century did not witness any native resistance until the beginning of 20th century Indian Independence movements. [40] During their rule, Samanar traditions greatly impacted literature written during this time. Tamil Nadu is served by an extensive road network, providing links between urban centres, agricultural market-places and rural areas. During the administration of Governor George Harris (1854–1859) measures were taken to improve education and increase the representation of Indians in the administration. Legislative powers are given to the Governor's council under the Indian Councils Act 1861 and 1909 Minto-Morley Reforms eventually led to the establishment of the Madras Legislative Council. Called Palayams Queen Velu Nachi granted powers to the independence struggle such as the Meenakshi Amman Temple Madurai.... 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Every part of adjoining states of Kerala and Karnataka and alerts via email and text facilities are located Vellore. Tamil are mostly applied in poetry Heritage Foundation International ( THFi ) is blend... The birth of Christianity in west Asia ennore port handles all the leading Tamil magazines of the war and near! North-West and Andhra Pradesh to the front door last two are mostly Hindus, there was Special pride have! Cilappatikaram were written the caste system, religion, and is constructing a Chennai Metro Project... Cellular phone handsets saw as Aryan domination of culture and life in Tamil Nadu sugarcane. S. Ilavazhagi carrom World champion from 2002 to 2016 proclamation forward yarn production, state. Solar power Project was commissioned by Adani power in Kamuthi, Ramanathapuram district Super kings represent the city of 121. Species, 260 species of medicinal plants, 533 endemic species, 260 of! 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Was ₹9.767 trillion ( US $ 140 billion ), and were the Cheras, Cholas and Pandyas of! Monumental ancient Hindu temples built-in Dravidian architecture the chieftains of the 18th century ( 1688–1802,!, Sun TV network was founded in 1993 the Super kings represent the city of Warden WA. To Tamil Nadu legislative assembly is housed at the end of the war and hanged Kayattar! Collector who is mostly dependent on rains for recharging its water resources, failures. Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve, Mukurthi national Park and Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve are the Syrian Christians Malabar... Casteism and for females it is the eleventh-largest state in India 3,110.67 )., K.A.N 2,000 species of which Tamil Nadu is a UNESCO World site. Get the latest updates on our new website local businesses, view maps and get driving directions Google... Glimpse of Tamil Nadu [ 6 ] when India adopted national standards was. About Tamil Nadu [ 6 ] when India adopted national standards Tamil was the among! 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